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document-title

Severity: Serious

Description

Every HTML document must have a non-empty <title> element inside its <head>. The document title is the first thing screen readers announce when a page loads, and it is used by browsers in the window or tab title bar. A missing or empty title leaves users of assistive technologies without context about which page they are on.

Example

In the following example, the page has no <title> element. When a screen reader user navigates to this page, no title is announced, making it impossible to distinguish from other pages. This breaks the document-title rule.

Incorrect sample - page with no title element
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In contrast, the following code snippet includes a descriptive <title> that identifies both the page and the site. Screen readers announce this title when the page loads, and the code does not break the document-title rule.

Correct sample - page with a descriptive title
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How to fix?

Check if all your pages have a non-empty <title> element in the <head>. If not:

  • Add a <title> element inside the <head> of the page. This is required.
  • Write a title that describes the page’s purpose or content, ideally in the format Page Name - Site Name.
  • Ensure that the title is unique across all pages on your site so users can distinguish between tabs or browser history entries.

Reference

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