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Text Truncation

The text truncation rule checks whether visible text content remains fully readable when users increase the font size. Truncated text can hide critical information, especially for users with low vision or those who rely on larger text for comfortable reading. Visible and resizable text improves accessibility and provides a consistent experience for all users.

  • Rule Category : Readable Text and Layout
  • WCAG 2.1 & 2.2 SC : 1.4.4 (AA)
  • Rule Severity : Critical
  • Supported Platforms : Android, iOS

Success criteria

The specific criteria for success are:

  • Scalable fonts: Text must use relative units to allow dynamic resizing.
  • Flexible layouts: Text containers must use dynamic sizing.
  • No fixed sizes: Avoid fixed height or width values that prevent text containers from resizing to fit larger text.
  • Scrollable containers (if needed): If the layout cannot expand, use a scrollable container (ScrollView on Android, UIScrollView on iOS) so users can access all text content.

How to fix

To prevent text truncation:

  • Use scalable text: Use sp for text so it scales when users increase font size (up to 200% as applicable in this rule).
  • Use flexible layout: Ensure the text container (e.g., a TextView on Android) and its parent views do not have fixed sizes, such as dp widths or heights.
  • Use relative layout dimensions: Replace fixed sizes with wrap_content, match_parent, or 0dp with weight.
  • Allow vertical expansion: Set layout_height to wrap_content so the container size increases along with the text size.
  • Provide scrolling if needed: If the text is expected to be long, place the TextView inside a ScrollView so all content remains accessible.
  • Use scalable text (Dynamic Type): Use system-scalable fonts (for example, UIFont.preferredFont(forTextStyle:)) and enable automatic adjustment so text responds to the user’s content size settings.
  • Use relative sizing with Auto Layout: Define label and container sizes with Auto Layout constraints instead of fixed frames or hardcoded point values. Avoid fixed width/height constants that prevent resizing.
  • Allow vertical expansion: Ensure text containers and their parent views can grow as text scales. For UILabel, set numberOfLines = 0 so the label can expand to multiple lines as needed.
  • Provide scrolling if needed: If the text is expected to be long, embed the text container inside a UIScrollView so all content remains reachable.

Example

The following screenshot highlights a text truncation violation in an Android app:

Text Truncation violation

Errors

  • The TextView uses the correct font unit (sp) for scalable text, but its parent view has a fixed height of 273dp.
  • The fixed height restricts the TextView from expanding as text size increases, causing truncation.

Fix

To fix this violation:

  • Change the parent view’s height from 273dp to wrap_content to allow it to expand with the text.
  • Set the TextView layout_height to wrap_content.
  • If the text is long, place the TextView inside a ScrollView so users can access the entire content.

References

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